Wednesday 20 November 2013

Week 9: Designing Materials for Listening Reflection




Listening skills are vital for learners. Of the four skills, listening is by far the most frequently used in the classroom. I believe that there are many problems in listening task. For example, learners cannot cope with not having images. Most learners nowadays will have problems when they do not have any cues to help in English listening task. In a real life, learners have to not only deal with a variety of British, but also American and Australian accents. They have problems with different accents in listening tasks. They do not recognise the words that they know especially homophones. For instance, words such as ‘there’, ‘their’ and ‘they’re’ are. For Chinese, they might have problem in differentiating /l/ and /r/ in ‘led’ and ‘red’.


Although there are many problems in listening task, I believe that every listening activity must include the steps below to carry out a listening activity successfully:

  • Pre-listening
    Teacher should prepare learners by introducing the topic and finding out what they already know about it. It is good to have a brainstorming session and some discussion questions related to the topic. Then, teacher provides background information and new vocabulary that they will need for the listening activity.

  • While-listening
    Teacher should let learners know what they need to listen for, it can be general or selective details of the content. If learners are not marking answers or otherwise responding while listening, teacher should tell learners ahead of time what will be required afterward.

  • Post-listening
    Finish with an activity to extend the topic and help students remember new vocabulary. This could be a discussion group, craft project, writing task, game and so on.

Teaching is never an easy job.


Monday 18 November 2013

Week 9: Designing Materials for Listening



  • Preview extracts from a local textbook.
o   Form 2 Textbook Chapter 3: Famous Faces

Page 32
  • How closely do you feel that the listening process is mirrored in these materials?

o   Learners are required to converse with a partner in classroom. One of them can take the role of a famous personality. The roles of a fan and a famous person can be reverse so that both the learners can have the chance to express, listen and react.

  • To what extent do they assist in developing the listening skills of our learners?
o   Authenticity exist in this task as the language reflect real discourse when they are giving compliment and congratulate. Language used is not difficult. For example ‘You sang the song beautifully.’ The other partner has to listen for the compliment and give acknowledgement.  

Page 36
  • How closely do you feel that the listening process is mirrored in these materials?
o   Learners are required to listen to the conversation in order to fill in the blanks to complete the statements given in the task. It is a must for learners to listen attentively to given conversation, if they fail to do so, they will not be able to answer the questions correctly.
o   In task B, the situation is the same. Learners are to listen to the conversation again to answer the questions given in task B. 

  • To what extent do they assist in developing the listening skills of our learners?
o   Learners are to listen to the conversation attentively in order to understand and also identify the answers. Learners are listening for a purpose, with this, they will pay more attention to the conversation given.
o   Not only that, learners have a background knowledge regarding the theme of the conversation as they have learnt it in the previous tasks. This allows them to be familiar and have a rough idea on the conversation where top-down processing occurs.
o   The more exposure the listener has to them, the greater the ability to comprehend. 

Page 38
  • How closely do you feel that the listening process is mirrored in these materials?
o   In activity A, learners are required to say words after the teacher. This activity focuses on the consonants of /v/ and /w/.
o   In activity B, learners are required to pronounce words that they have learned in activity A.

  • To what extent do they assist in developing the listening skills of our learners?
o   In activity A, it is a bottom-up practice activity. Learners have to listen and repeat to the words after the teacher. Learners have to pay attention and listen accurately to the sound in order for them to get the pronunciation correctly.
o   In activity B, it is a top-down activity since learners have to use their schemata of correct pronunciation of the words so that they can say the sentences aloud. This encourage learners to discuss what they already know about.
o   We noticed that this activity has both bottom-up and top-down approach. Correlation between two approaches can help the learners to sharpen their listening skill.



  • Preview extracts from a local textbook.
o   Form 2 Textbook Chapter 13: Our Green Heritage

Page 179 
  • How closely do you feel that the listening process is mirrored in these materials?
o   For activity A, the learners are to listen to a recording and then pay attention to the sequence of the story. After that, they need to sequence the picture given in the textbook.
o   For activity B, the learners need to listen to the recording again and then they need to sequence the sentences given in the textbook.

·         To what extent do they assist in developing the listening skills of our learners?
o   For activity A and B, the learners are listening for a purpose, they need to listen attentively to details from the recording.
o   The task relates to top down process as it requires learners’ background knowledge to enable them to relate the description of recording with the picture given.